There's no Echo Nest API for that, but you can use our sister API to get album info for a track. To do this, request get the spotify track id (using the spotify bucket) and then call the spotify API like so:
https://api.spotify.com/v1/tracks/0eGsygTp906u18L0Oimnem
where '0eGsygTp906u18L0Oimnem' is the track ID.
The returned data includes all sorts of album information including cover art, album name and year of release.